full image - Repost: Pi 5 mining deep dive (from Reddit.com, Pi 5 mining deep dive)
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Hey! At least once a week this subreddit gets a question about how much a pi will make by mining Monero and I've decided to do a deep dive.TLDR TLDR: dont bother. TLDR: You will get 383h/s on a properly compiled kernel at 20 watts. Assuming your power is cheap at $0.10/kwh20 watts = 0.02 kW24 hours a day means your pi will use $0.002 x 24 = $0.048 or about 5 cents a day. 383 h/s would generate 0.00004091 XMR based on the last 30 days averages. This is assuming you are mining the most profitable randomx coin and are using an algo switching pool using randomx hashrate only. 0.00004091 XMR = ~ $0.0096$0.0096 revenue - $0.048 power = −$0.047You would lose about 5 cents a day to make less than a penny. Deep dive: The rpi kernel does not have huge pages enabled, so when you run the application as pseudo, it won't allocate huge pages. Nothing that you do, OS-wise, will fix this other than recompiling the kernel. On EndeavorOS, a supported and working OOTB flashable file arch Linux derivative, you can do a PKGBUILD to recompile the kernel. Doing this will take either 3 hours or 40 minutes depending if you use 1 thread or 6 threads. First, pull all the archlinuxarm PKGBUILDsgit pull https://ift.tt/dAjpaRg PKGBUILDs/core/linux-rpinano PKGBUILD and add```Enable CONFIG_HUGETLBFSsed -i 's/# CONFIG_HUGETLBFS is not set/CONFIG_HUGETLBFS=y/' .config```In the prepare() sectionRight beforemake -s kernelrelease > versionAlso, replace make "$_image" modules dtbs with make -j6 "$_image" modules dtbs in the build() section or it will only use one core to build the kernel and take 2 hours. 6 threads takes about 40 minutes. I understand the pi has 4 cores however I've noticed adding 6 threads will help a bit if your SD card is slow since the extra threads will brr while the others are waiting for IO. It doesn't matter if you do it to the linux-rpi-16k or linux-rpi kernel. The *-16k supports 16k pages which can cause incompatibility with some of your apps. You can switch between kernels once they are built quickly so if you have any issues with the 16k kernel just use the other one. linux-arch64 is not ready for primetime yet as it will struggle to even boot properly with graphical output. Don't bother until mainline is a bit... Better. You still need the Broadcom kernel patches to get a usable pi. Now if you try to run xm-rig it will out of memory and get stopped by the kernel. This is because the kernel adds 8 fake numa nodes to improve performance. This won't improve performance for mining since that app will only get 1/8 memory bandwidth on a single node and cannot allocate 2GB x 8 on a 16GB (or 8GB or 4GB) system since it needs a little RAM left for the kernel and os. To fix thisyay -S rpi-eeprom-gitInstall itThen pull the repo to get the digest since this package is broken. git pull https://ift.tt/9bFo0wY the rpi-eeprom-digest into /usr/bin and chmod +x itRun sudo rpi-eeprom-conifg -eAnd add SDRAM_BANKLOW=4 after it. When you reboot you will see it added a single fake numa node instead of 4. The default (1) adds 8, 0 adds 16 numa nodes. 5+ behaves like 4. You can check with dmesgsudo dmesg | grep -i numaAnd you will see fake=1 if this worked... And xmrig won't out of memory. All of this gives us 384h/s with 1gb pages and huge pages, up from 200h/s without these changes. I am currently #1 in the world for hashrate on the pi. Source: https://ift.tt/hQ2Rgjs can you add this to the sidebar or something to answer these questions? Or if we have a bot can it grep "pi" and respond with a link to this message? I feel like it would answer a lot of questions automatically since this comes up weekly.
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